(a gerund-participle clause complements the primary verb) (a gerund-participle clause complements the preposition "to")Ĭharlie regretted. (gerund-participle clause complements the primary verb)Ĭharlie objects to. (a gerund-participle clause complements the "be" auxiliary )Ĭharlie dislikes. (a gerund-participle clause functions as the subject of the clause)Ĭharlie is. Sitting quietly is difficult for Charlies Verb Group or Gerund Cls This structure is/was called a "gerund phrase" in traditional grammar.¹ The nonfinite clause can function as a subject, a verbal complement ("object"), or a modifier. (a stance adverb modifies the situation in the entire clause)Ī gerund-participle nonfinite clause has an -ing verb form ( secondary verb). (an infinitival nonfinite clause complements the primary verb) The teacher requires them to sit quietly. (a noun phrase complements the primary verb of the clause) (an adjective complements the "be" auxiliary. (a noun phrase functions as the subject of a clause w/ a primary verb) (complements – "completes" another element) A finite clause may also accept a clause as a subject, verbal complement ("object") or modifier. In the examples below, the finite clause is the matrix clause ("main clause"). Grammar Notes (Aarts 7–8) (Huddleston 14) (Payne 14.2)Ī finite clause has a primary verb as its main verb. secondary) | Subject | Complement | Supplement | Phrase vs. ClauseĪ relative pronoun (e.g., that, which, who, why, when, where, how) adds modifying information to a noun.Īlso see Two Verb Categories (primary v. See How is a Preposition a Connective? | Phrase vs. That is to say, the prepositional phrase structure can include a finite clause within it. The connective preposition may accept a noun phrase, prepositional phrase, gerund or finite clause as its complement. The connective preposition is the head of the prepositional phrase (because of its primary position in the phrase and the fact that it carries meaning).
³ a connective preposition (e.g., because, if, though) adds additional information to the main (matrix) clause. That has no meaning it merely serves as a marker for the subordinate clause and it is not part of the clause. ² the subordinator that marks content (the clause that follows) as placed within the main (matrix) clause. It serves as a marker of coordination (addition). The two finite clauses are "coordinates" of and. ¹ a coordinator (e.g., and, but, or, nor) joins like elements. See Infinitive Cls w/Subj and Gerund Cls w/Subject. Tense (want-wanted, eat-ate), person (want-wants, eat-eats), number (am-is-are/ was-were).Ī nonfinite clause rarely includes a subject. That is, the clause or phrase would not sound complete without the word, phrase or clause. (Huddleston and Pullum 88-89)Ĭomplement - a word, phrase or clause that is expected or required to complete the meaning of some other element in the clause. "The general term 'finite' is related to its everyday sense of 'limited', a finite verb is characteristically limited with respect to person and number. (post-position modifier)Ĭharlie is prepared. A nonfinite clause is a dependent clause, which functions as part of a sentence such as a subject, a verbal complement ("object"), a prepositional complement ("object"), or a noun complement (modifier).įor him to requires self-confidence. "So" functions as a coordinator and as a connective adverb (see Reversibility) the finite clause complements (completes the meaning of) "so", which expresses result.Ī nonfinite clause includes a secondary verb - a verb not inflected for tense, person or number (e.g., infinitival, gerundial or past participial verb form) - and occasionally a subject (e.g., his, him for). The finite clause modifies "boy".Ĭharlie likes the teacher's attention, so "Who" is a relative pronoun in the finite clause and refers to the noun before it. "Because" and "if" are connective prepositions the finite clause complements (completes the meaning of) the preposition in the prepositional phrase.Ī boy wants to be the center of attention. "That" functions as the subordinator of the content in the finite clause that + the finite clause complements (completes the meaning expressed by) the verb "know". Ĭharlie's curiosity is due to the fact that. We know that² ].Ĭharlie raised his hand so that. The finite clauses are coordinates of "and". This finite clause is called the "main clause" or "matrix clause". A finite clause can stand alone as an independent clause (a sentence), or it can serve as a coordinate clause, a subordinate clause, or a supplementary clause. A finite clause includes a primary verb - a verb that can be inflected for tense, person and sometimes number - and includes a subject.
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